Theorising moderation in the configurational approach: A guide for identifying and interpreting moderating influences in <scp>QCA</scp>
Authors: Ma, Teng; Cheng, Yue; Guan, Zhengzhi; Li, Boying; Hou, Fangfang; Lim, Eric Tze Kuan
Journal: Information Systems Journal (2024)
DOI: 10.1111/isj.12439
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Given the multifaceted nature of digital phenomena, theorising has shifted from the correlational view toward the configurational approach, which embraces equifinality and seeks to identify conjunctural causal conditions culminating in a given outcome. Despite growing scholarly interest in the configurational approach, little is known about how moderation functions in conjunctural causation. Although there is a growing urgency for elucidating the boundary conditions of conjunctural causation to bolster the precision of theoretical explanations, a systematic approach to theorising, identifying, and interpreting moderation in configurational theories is missing. To bridge this knowledge gap, we first establish the theoretical grounding for moderation in the configurational approach. We then articulate the theoretical mechanism underlying how the interdependence of causal factors in a causal recipe is altered by the presence of a moderator. We also offer guidance on how to validate and interpret moderation in the configurational approach based on Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA). We conduct an illustrative study in the context of technos…